甘松，中药名，为败酱科植物甘松Nardostachys jatamansi DC.的干燥根及根茎。甘松主要分布在中国的四川、云南等地区，因其独特的香气和多样的药理作用而在中医中占有重要地位，被誉为“香中之王”。甘松在中医中主要用于理气止痛、开郁醒脾、温肾助阳等，适用于胸腹胀痛、食欲不振、肾虚阳痿等症状的治疗。Gansong, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is the dried root and rhizome of the plant Nardostachys jatamansi DC., which belongs to the family Valerianaceae. It is predominantly found in regions such as Sichuan and Yunnan in China. Recognized for its distinctive fragrance and diverse pharmacological effects, Gansong holds a significant place in traditional Chinese medicine and is acclaimed as the "King of Fragrance". In TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine), Gansong is primarily utilized to regulate the flow of Qi, alleviate pain, relieve melancholic stagnation and invigorate the spleen, and warm the kidneys to assist Yang. It is indicated for the treatment of symptoms such as chest and abdominal bloating, poor appetite, and kidney deficiency-related impotence.01性味归经与药典收录甘松最早在《本草纲目》中有记载，并被列为中品。其性温，味甘辛，归脾、胃、肾经。2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》对甘松的性状、鉴别、检查、含量测定等方面进行了详细规定，确保药品质量符合国家药品标准。Gansong's medicinal properties were first recorded in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" and are classified as medium-grade. It is warm in nature, with a sweet and spicy taste, and is associated with the spleen, stomach, and kidney meridians. The 2020 edition of the "Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China" provides detailed regulations on the characteristics, identification, inspection, and content determination of Gansong, ensuring that the quality of the medicinal product complies with national drug standards.02甘松的采集与炮制甘松的采挖通常在春秋两季进行，挖取后需除去泥土和杂质，然后晒干或低温干燥。炮制后的甘松根茎应为不规则的块状或片状，外表皮棕褐色，有纵皱纹及点状须根痕。断面黄白色至灰棕色，有油性，气芳香，味辛、微苦。The collection and processing of Gansong typically take place during the spring and autumn seasons. After harvesting, it is necessary to remove any soil and impurities, followed by air-drying or low-temperature drying. The processed Gansong root and rhizome should be irregularly shaped blocks or slices, with a surface that is brown and has longitudinal wrinkles as well as dotted root marks. The cross-section is yellowish-white to gray-brown, oily, aromatic, and has a pungent and slightly bitter taste.03甘松及其炮制品的质量标准根据2020年版《中国药典》，甘松的质量控制指标成分包括挥发油中的甘松醇和甘松酮。甘松的挥发油总量不得少于 2.0%（ml/g），甘松新酮的含量不得少于1.0%。含量应符合药典规定的标准，以确保其疗效和安全性。According to the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the quality control index components of Gansong include gansenoside and nardostachysin in the volatile oil. The total amount of volatile oil in Gansong should not be less than 2.0% (ml/g), and the content of nardostachysin should not be less than 1.0%. The content should meet the standards specified by the pharmacopoeia to ensure its therapeutic efficacy and safety.04甘松的化学成分甘松的化学成分复杂，主要包括挥发油、香豆素、黄酮、酚酸、萜类等。挥发油是其主要有效成分，包括甘松醇、甘松酮、β-蒎烯、α-蒎烯、柠檬烯等。此外，甘松还含有香豆素类化合物如秦皮素、金合欢素，以及黄酮类化合物和酚酸类化合物。The chemical composition of Gansong is complex, mainly including volatile oil, coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, terpenes, etc. Volatile oil is its main…
