相传神农尝百草以救众生，佛祖悯神农辛劳而派罗汉下凡相助，有一罗汉立誓要灭尽人间灾难方回天界，立誓完毕，其化身为果，被后人尊称罗汉果，蕴意罗汉所修之果。后世有诗为颂：“罗汉甘甜胜蔗糖，食医两用是良方。金秋结实园中碧，盛夏开花陌上香。通便滑肠尝玉液，利咽止咳饮琼浆……”罗汉果，别名拉汗果、光果木鳖、金不换、假苦瓜等，为葫芦科多年生藤本植物罗汉果Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang的干燥果实，其道地产地为广西桂林，被列为“桂十味”之一。罗汉果素有“长寿之果”、“神仙果”、“中医圣果”、“养生之王”等美誉，药食同源，具有清热润肺、利咽开音、润肠通便等诸多功效，具有显著的降糖效果，同时作为天然甜味剂，在食品、药品、保健品等领域应用广泛。本期让我们一起来探秘罗汉果这味神奇中药吧！Luo-Han-Guo, also known as La-Han-Guo, Guang-Guo-Mu-Bie, Jin-Bu-Huan, and Jia-Ku-Gua, refers to the dried fruit of Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang, a perennial vine plant belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. Its authentic origin is Guilin, Guangxi province in China. Luo-Han-Guo is highly acclaimed for its various health benefits and is commonly regarded as the "Fruit of Longevity," "Divine Fruit," "Holy Fruit of Traditional Chinese Medicine," and the "King of Health Preservation." As a medicinal and edible homologous Chinese medicine, Luo-Han-Guo possess multiple properties such as heat-clearing and lung-moistening, throat-soothing and voice-opening, and intestine-moistening and bowel-relieving. Additionally, it demonstrates remarkable hypoglycemic effects, and is used as a natural sweetener. Consequently, it is extensively applied in the food, pharmaceutical, and health product industries.图为罗汉果（左为干燥果实，右为新鲜果实）001性味归经与药典收录罗汉果，甘，凉；归肺、大肠经。1977年罗汉果始载入《中国药典》，随后历版《中国药典》皆有收录。此外，罗汉果被首批列入中华人民共和国卫生部公布的《既是食品又是药品的物品名单》。1. Pharmacopoeia Inclusion and CategorizationWith a sweet taste and a cool nature, Luo-Han-Guo is attributed to the lung and large intestine meridians, according to traditional Chinese medicines.In 1977, Luo-Han-Guo was first included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, and it has been consistently listed in every subsequent editions of the book. Additional, it was listed in the initial list of Items that are Both Food and Medicines, published by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.002罗汉果的性状及质量检测罗汉果秋季果实由嫩绿色变深绿色时采收，晾数天后，低温干燥。本品呈卵形、椭圆形或球形，长4.5〜8.5 cm，直径3.5〜6 cm；表面褐色、黄褐色或绿褐色，有深色斑块和黄色柔毛，有的具6〜11条纵纹；顶端有花柱残痕，基部有果梗痕；体轻，脆，果皮薄，易破。气微，味甜。以干燥品计算，用高效液相色谱法测定罗汉果中指标成分的含量，《中国药典》（2020版）规定罗汉果中罗汉果皂苷V的含量不得少于0.5%。2. Characteristics and Quality Control of Luo-Han-GuoLuo-Han-Guo is harvested during the autumn season when the fruits turns from tender green to dark green. After a few days of airing, they undergo low-temperature drying. The dried fruits exhibit an ovoid, elliptical, or spherical shape, measuring 4.5 to 8.5 cm in length and 3.5 to 6 cm in diameter. Their surface appear brown, yellowish-brown, or greenish-brown, displaying dark spots and yellowish soft hairs, with some fruits featuring 6 to 11 longitudinal stripes. There is a remnant of the stigma at the top, while a scar left by the pedicel at the base. The fruit is lightweight, brittle, and ha…
